A lebokoso la mmino le betliloenge hapa tlhokomelo ka lintlha tsa eona tse rarahaneng le meloli e lumellanang. Litsebi tse nang le tsebo li qeta likhoeli li etsa karolo ka 'ngoe, li kopanya tsebo ea 'mino le mekhoa e tsoetseng pele. Hore na e fanoe e le alebokoso la mmino la mpho ya lenyalo, e bonts'itsoeng joalo ka aLebokose la 'mino oa Keresemese oa lehong, kapa natefeloa joalo kalebokoso la 'mino oa carousel toy toy, mang le manglehong tloaelo 'mino lebokosee bonahatsa mabothobotho le moetlo.
Lintlha tsa bohlokoa
- Mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng a qalile mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo' me a tsoa ho lisebelisoa tse bonolo tsa 'mino ho ea mesebetsing e qaqileng ea bonono.mosebetsi oa matsohole tsoelopele ea theknoloji.
- Mabokose ana a 'mino a tšoantšetsa bokhabane le maikutlo, hangata a nkoa e le matlotlo a lelapa lee baballoang ke babokellibakeng sa botle ba bona, ho haella, le histori e ruileng.
- Baetsi ba mehleng ea kajeno le bahlahisi ba tsoela pele ho kopanya meetlo le mekhoa e mecha, ho boloka mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng a sebetsa ho bonono, setso le mmino kajeno.
Tšimoloho le Tsoelo-pele ea Bonono ea Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng
Liqapi tsa Pele le Tsoalo ea Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng
Pale ea lebokose la 'mino o betliloeng e qala mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo. Ka 1811, litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho Sainte-Croix, Switzerland, li ile tsa hlahisa mabokose a pele a 'mino a ngotsoeng. Mehlala ena ea pele e ne e se na litšoantšo tse betliloeng tse majabajaba, empa e ile ea rala motheo oa tsoelo-pele ea nakong e tlang ea bonono. Likhamphani tsa Switzerland, tse kang Reuge, li ile tsa phetha karolo e khōlō ho theheng indasteri ea mabokose a ’mino. Ha nako e ntse e ea, baetsi bana ba ile ba hlahisa mekhoa ea ho betla le ho kenya lehong, ba fetola lisebelisoa tse bonolo tsa 'mino hore e be matlotlo a khabisang. Ha tlhoko ea meralo e metle e ntse e eketseha, litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho Switzerland li ile tsa qala ho eketsa lintlha tse rarahaneng lebokoseng ka leng, tsa etsa hore lebokose le leng le le leng la ’mino le betliloeng e be mosebetsi o ikhethang oa bonono.
Baqapi ba 'maloa le litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho ba kentse letsoho ho phahamiseng ha lebokose la' mino le betliloeng United States qetellong ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo le mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo.
- Terrell Robinson (TR) Goodman, 'metli oa mapolanka oa Tennessee, o ile a haha mabokose a 'mino a pele' me a fetisetsa tsebo ea hae ho lelapa la hae.
- John Pevahouse, le eena oa Tennessee, o ile a etsa mabokose a makholo a betliloeng a 'mino, a sebelisa lithakhisa tsa lehong le lipekere tse entsoeng ka letsoho.
- Lelapa la Goodman, ho kenyelletsa le Dee le George Goodman, le ile la tsebahala ka ho haha le ho rekisa mabokose ana, hangata a a tšoaea ka matsatsi a patent ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1880.
- Henry Steele le Joe Steele ba ile ba ntšetsa pele moetlo oo ho fihlela bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, ba etsa li-dulcimers le mabokose a mmino ka boqhetseke bo ts'oanang.
Tsoelo-pele ea Theknoloji le Phallo ea Liqapi tsa Lebokose la 'Mino o Betliloeng
Lekholong la bo19 la lilemo ho bile le tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea theknoloji e ileng ea fetola moralo le tšebetso ea lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng. Phetoho ho tloha ho silinda ho ea ho li-disc e ile ea lumella mabokose a 'mino ho bapala lipina tse telele le tse fapaneng. Beng ba tsona joale ba ne ba ka fapanyetsana li-discs kapa lisilindara ho natefeloa ke meloli e fapaneng. Phetoho ea Liindasteri e ile ea tlisa mechine e tsamaeang ka mouoane, e ileng ea etsa hore tlhahiso e khōlō e khonehe. Sena se ile sa fokotsa litšenyehelo ’me sa etsa hore mabokose a ’mino a fumanehe habonolo ke malapa lefatšeng ka bophara.
Boitseanape ba ho etsa lioache ba Switzerland bo ile ba ntlafatsa boleng ba molumo le ho nepahala ha mabokose a 'mino. Baetsi ba ile ba qala ho sebelisa thepa ea bohlokoa ’me ba eketsa litšoantšo tse betliloeng, ba fetola lebokose le leng le le leng la ’mino le betliloeng hore e be letšoao la boemo le tatso. Litlhahiso tse kang 'mino oa automata le mefuta e sebelisoang ka chelete ea tšepe li ile tsa atolosa boipiletso ba mabokose a' mino, tsa etsa hore li tuma malapeng le libakeng tsa sechaba.
Tlhokomeliso: Kenyelletso ea lisebelisoa tse ncha e fetotse chebahalo le tšebetso ea lebokose la mmino le betliloeng. Tafole e ka tlase e bontša kamoo lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li ammeng matlotlo ana a 'mino kateng.
| Lintho tse bonahalang | Tšusumetso ea Aesthetic | Tšusumetso ea Mosebetsi |
|---|---|---|
| Lehong | Classic, mofuthu, ponahalo ea tlhaho; mekhoa e metle ea ho qetela | E sa tšoarelleng hantle; e hloka tlhokomelo; e utloang mongobo le mocheso |
| Tšepe | Ponahalo ea sejoale-joale, e boreleli, e matla | E tšoarella haholo; e loketseng maemo a thata; boima le theko e boima ho feta |
| Plastiki | E fapaneng ka mebala le moralo; e bobebe | E boloka litšenyehelo; ho bonolo ho e etsa; e sa pheleng nako e telele ebile e fokola haholo ha e bapisoa le lehong kapa tšepe |
Ningbo Yunsheng Musical Movement Manufacturing Co., Ltd. e tsoela pele moetlo ona kajeno ka ho kopanya theknoloji e tsoetseng pele le moralo oa bonono. Khampani e hlahisa mabokose a 'mino a bontšang boqapi ba khale le boqapi ba sejoale-joale.
The Golden Age ea Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng
Lekholo la bo19 la lilemo hangata le bitsoa Golden Age ea lebokose la 'mino o betliloeng. Nakong ena, baetsi ba lihlahisoa ba ne ba hlahisa mabokose a 'mino ka boholo le libopeho tse ngata, ho tloha ho mehlala ea lipokothong tse nyenyane ho ea ho lik'habote tse kholo. Lintlafatso tsa metjhini, joalo ka lisilindara tse kholoanyane le liphini tse ling, li lumelletse meloli e monate le lipina tse rarahaneng. Litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho li ne li khabisitse mabokose ana ka litšoantšo tse betliloeng le tse ka hare, tsa a fetola lintho tse majabajaba bakeng sa babokelli le barati ba ’mino.
Motsoako oa tsebo ea theknoloji le pono ea bonono e entse hore lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng e be letšoao la ntlafatso. Batho ba ne ba nka lintho tsena e le tsa bohlokoa eseng feela ka lebaka la ’mino oa bona empa le ka lebaka la botle ba tsona. Lefa la mehla ena le ntse le tsoela pele mosebetsing oa lik'hamphani tsa morao-rao le litsebi tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho tse tsoelang pele ho theha mabokose a 'mino a kopanyang moetlo le mekhoa e mecha.
Bohlokoa ba Setso le Lefa la Kajeno la Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng
Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng e le Letšoao la Ntlafatso le Maikutlo
Ho pholletsa le histori, lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng le eme e le letšoao la bokhabane le kamano ea maikutlo. Hangata batho ba amahanya lintho tsena le liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa bophelong, tse kang machato, lihopotso le matsatsi a phomolo. Litšoantšo tse betliloeng le meloli e qaqileng li etsa hore motho a hopole 'me a etse hore motho a ikutloe a lebeletsoe. Malapa a mangata a fetisa mabokose a 'mino e le matlotlo a bohlokoa, a hokahanyang meloko ka liphihlelo tse arolelanoang.
Babokelli le barati ba bonono ba ananela lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng ka boqhetseke le boleng ba lona ba maikutlo. Liqapi tse rarahaneng le kaho e hlokolosi li bontša boinehelo bo botle le neano. Mehleng ea kajeno, baetsi ba litšoantšo ba ntse ba sebelisa mabokose a 'mino ho hlahisa lihlooho tsa lehae, mohopolo le boitsebiso ba botho. Ka mohlala, ho kenngoa ha Catherine Grisez, "Constructing Deconstruction," ho na le litšoantšo tse 200 tsa lebokose la 'mino. Cube e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tšepe e na le senotlolo sa nonyana ea boronse 'me e pheta pale e ikhethang ka mohopolo oa lehae. Baeti ba sebelisana le mabokose, ba fetola linotlolo ho senola 'mino le lintlha tse ka hare. Tlhophiso ena e totobatsa kamoo lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng le lulang e le letšoao le matla la ntlafatso le maikutlo a tebileng.
Ho Bokella le ho Boloka Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng Kajeno
Lefatše la pokello ea mabokose a 'mino le atleha ka lebaka la cheseho ea ba chesehang le tšehetso ea mekhatlo e inehetseng. Mekhatlo e mengata le limusiamo li thusa babokelli ho boloka le ho tsosolosa matlotlo ana a mechine. Tse ling tsa lihlopha tse sebetsang haholo li kenyelletsa:
- AMICA (Automatic Musical Instrument Collectors 'Association), e fanang ka foramo bakeng sa babokelli le bahlokomeli.
- Musical Box Society International (MBSI), e sebeletsang batšehetsi lefatšeng ka bophara.
- Musical Box Society ea Great Britain, e tšehetsang babokelli ba UK.
- Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Mechanical Music Preservationists (IAMMP), o shebane le ho boloka.
- Limusiamo tse kang Bayernhof Museum, Herschell Carousel Factory Museum, le Morris Museum, tse bontšang le ho hlokomela mabokose a histori a 'mino.
- Lisebelisoa tsa Marang-rang tse kang Mechanical Music Digest le Mechanical Music Radio, tse hokahanyang babokelli le ho arolelana tsebo.
- Litsebi tsa tsosoloso, tse kang Bob Yorburg, ea sebetsanang ka ho khetheha le ho lokisoa le ho baballa mabokose a ’mino a betliloeng.
Hangata babokelli ba batla likotoana tse sa tloaelehang le tsa bohlokoa. Tafole e ka tlase e bontša a mang a mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng a tsebahalang a rekisoang fantising le lintlha tse tlatsetsang boleng ba ona bo phahameng:
| Mohlala oa Lebokose la 'Mino | Theko ea Fantisi (USD) | Moetsi/Qalo | Likarolo Tse Hlollang le Lintlha Tse Tlatselletsang Boleng |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mermod Mor'abo rōna Cylinder Music Box | $128,500 | Mermod Frères, Switzerland | Lebokose la 'mino la li-cylinder tsa khale, khabinete e kentsoeng ea burl walnut, serurubele sa automaton le baroetsana ba tantšang, boqapi bo makatsang |
| Lebokose la Charles Bruguier Oiseau Chantant | $72,500 | Charles Bruguier, Switzerland | E entsoe ka botlalo ho tloha tortoiseshell, lebokoso la nonyana la pele la Switzerland le binang, lelapa la moetsi oa nalane ho tloha 1700s-1800s |
E 'ngoe ea litheko tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa fantisi tse kileng tsa tlalehoa e ne e le tsa Hupfeld Super Pan Model III Pan Orchestra, e rekisitsoeng ka $495,000 ka 2012. Lintho tse kang ho se fumanehe, lilemo, ho rarahana ha mechine, le tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse ntle tse kang mapolanka a sa tloaelehang le litšepe li khanna bohlokoa ba mabokose ana a 'mino. Ho hloloheloa le ho khahloa ke 'mino oa mochine le tsona li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa takatsong ea tsona.
Ningbo Yunsheng Musical Movement Manufacturing Co., Ltd.e tsoela pele ho tšehetsa babokelli le ba chesehang ka ho hlahisa mabokose a 'mino a boleng bo holimo a kopanyang bonono ba setso le theknoloji ea morao-rao. Boitlamo ba bona ba mesebetsi ea matsoho bo tiisa hore lefa la lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng le tšoarella melokong e tlang.
Tšusumetso e sa Feleng ea Lebokose la 'Mino le Betliloeng ka Art Contemporary Art
Kajeno baetsi ba litšoantšo le libini ba fumana litsela tse ncha tsa ho sebelisa lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng ho multimedia le merero e kopanetsoeng. Lintho tsena li sebetsa e le mehloli ea molumo le pululelo ea pono. Mohlala, sebini Craig Harris o sebelisa mabokose a manyane a 'mino oa piano lethathamong la hae la "Music Box Variations". O fetola lithakhisa le likarolo tsa swaps ho theha melodi e mecha le melumo ea molumo. Melumo ena e fetotsoeng e fetoha karolo ea litšoantšiso tse qoelisang, tse kang filimi ea "Sleeping Beauty". Pontšong ena, melumo ea 'mino e hlophisitsoeng e thusa ho pheta pale ea sebapali se tsosoang setsing sa pokello ea nalane ea sejoale-joale.
Mehaho ea morao-rao, joalo ka "Kaha ea Khaho ea Catherine Grisez," e beha mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng bohareng ba bonono bo kopanetsoeng. Baeti ba kopanela le mabokose, ba sibolla 'mino le lipale tse patiloeng ka hare. Ho kenya ho hlahloba lihlooho tsa lehae, kamohelo, le phihlelo ea botho, ho sebelisa lebokose la 'mino e le borokho pakeng tsa moetlo le mekhoa e mecha.
Keletso: Mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng a tsoela pele ho khothatsa baetsi ba litšoantšo hobane ba kopanya melumo e tloaelehileng ea mochini le menyetla e sa feleng ea ho qapa. Ho ba teng ha bona litšoantšong tsa morao-rao ho bontša hore lintho tsena li lula li le bohlokoa ebile li na le moelelo.
Lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng le eme e le sehokelo pakeng tsa nako e fetileng le ea joale. E hokahanya boqapi ba setso le lipontšo tse ncha tsa bonono, e netefatsa sebaka sa eona nalaneng ea setso le boqapi ba sejoale-joale.
Lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng le eme e le letšoao le tšoarellang la bonono le maikutlo. Babokelli ba ananela moralo oa eona o qaqileng le histori e ruileng. Karolo ka 'ngoe e pheta pale. Malapa a boloka mabokose ana e le letlotlo ka meloko. Lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng le ntse le tsoela pele ho susumetsa le ho hokahanya batho ho pholletsa le nako.
LBH
Ke eng e etsang hore lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng e be la bohlokoa ho babokelli?
Babokelli ba ananela mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng bakeng sa boqapi ba bona, ka seoelo, lilemo le moralo o ikhethang. Mabokose a nang le mekhoa ea pele le litšoantšo tse betliloeng ka botlalo hangata a laela litheko tse phahameng.
Motho o lokela ho hlokomela lebokose la 'mino le betliloeng joang?
Beng ba matlo ba lokela ho boloka mabokose a 'mino hole le mongobo le letsatsi le tobileng. Ho ntša lerole kamehla ka lesela le bonolo ho thusa ho boloka lehong le litšoantšo tse betliloeng.
Na baetsi ba mehleng ea kajeno ba ka etsa mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng?
Ee. Baetsi ba bangata ba mehleng ena ba rala mabokose a 'mino a betliloeng. Ba sebelisa theknoloji ea khale ea ho betla ka letsoho le ea sejoale-joale ho etsa likotoana tse ikhethileng.
Keletso: Kamehla buisana le setsebi sa tsosoloso pele u leka ho lokisa mabokose a 'mino oa khale.
Nako ea poso: Jul-22-2025